Visionary French author
Victor
Hugo foresaw the epic quest of Dr. Richard Kimble in his 1862 masterpiece,
Les Misérables, which actually was originally titled
Le Fugitif. In the novel, the unjustly pursued fugitive is Jean
Valjean, who, though technically guilty of stealing a loaf of bread to
feed his sister's hungry children, is punished beyond all bounds by
the cruel French penal system, spending 19 years in prison at hard
labor.
Lieutenant Gerard has his counterpart in the figure of Inspector
Javert, who relentlessly pursues Valjean after Valjean breaks his
parole. Javert tracks him down again and again over many years, but
each time he is foiled in his attempts to capture the wily fugitive,
who seems to be protected by the Hand of
Fate.
While running from the law, Valjean sometimes gets tangled up with
real criminals whose motives are much less honorable than his own. In
Les Misérables, a recurring figure of this sort is the
crooked innkeeper Thénardier, who, if he had lived in the 1960s, would
probably have looked a lot like
Warren Oates. Thénardier and his cohorts at various times
try to exploit the French fugitive to get rich (like the crooked guest
stars in episodes such as THE GOOD
GUYS AND THE BAD GUYS and LAST SECOND OF A
BIG DREAM), or set him up as a patsy to
avoid capture for their own crimes. On one occasion, Valjean is held
hostage by some criminals, but he outwits them at their own game and
escapes moments before the police swoop down on them. Ironically, the
French police regret most that Valjean escapes, because they think him
the worst criminal of the lot. These so-ironic sentiments are echoed
by the LAPD officer talking to Brenda Vaccaro at the end of
SEE HOLLYWOOD AND DIE.
If he is caught, Valjean will be sent back to the chain gang for
life. In spite of this, he frequently risks capture to save innocent
people who he encounters along his path, much like Richard Kimble a
century later. For example, when an innocent man is mistaken for
Valjean and is doomed to be sent to prison in Valjean's place, Valjean
steps forward to prevent a miscarriage of justice. Amazingly, though,
he also manages to avoid being arrested himself by making a harrowing
escape in the nick of time, aided by
a good woman who admires him. He saves a child
from evil foster parents, brings prosperity to an entire village by
dint of his ingenuity and hard work, rescues an old man from being
crushed, even though doing so exposes his identity to Javert, and
generally gives away a lot of money and is kind to animals.
No matter how many good deeds Valjean does, however, for Javert it
cannot outweigh the fact that Valjean is a criminal in the eyes of the
law. Even when Valjean saves a whole busload of children on their way
to the Paris lycée one day, Javert is unmoved — not unlike
the attitude of Lieutenant Gerard after Kimble performs a similar feat
in NIGHTMARE AT NORTHOAK, n'est-ce pas?
Finally, though, Javert sees the light, after Valjean, in a
tremendously ironic moment, saves the
policeman's life, though in doing so he gives aid to his worst
enemy. Javert needs saving because he has fallen in with a band of
Parisian hillbillies, or billies des hilles, who do not respect
law and order, much like the killer hillbillies in
CORNER OF HELL and
ILL WIND. He repents for
having put Valjean through such a hellish chase, aids him in doing a
good deed, and finally throws himself into the Seine.
Lieutenant Gerard, by contrast, still doesn't get it even after Kimble
has saved him a bunch of times. In the end,
he does team up with Kimble for a while, like Javert, but then,
rather than committing suicide, Gerard merely offers his erstwhile
quarry a wimpy let's-be-friends handshake. This just goes to show how
much Americans still need to learn from their European role models
when it comes to matters of panache.